h1>Determining Your Supply and Demand
Part 1 of a Two-part Series on Supply and Demand
By Sean Eyring, eBay Certified Consultant
It’s
a fact that you can’t fight gravity as long as you’re on this planet.
What goes up must come down. Take a ball for example. You throw it up,
and it comes back down. It’s easy to see this take place.
The
problem is, if you are looking at a still image, you can’t always tell
if something is on its way up or on its way down. To figure out which
way it’s moving, you need more than one picture, or more than one
moment in time.
Single Snapshots vs. Views over Time
If
you are looking at a photograph of a ball in mid-air, can you tell
whether it’s on its way up or on its way down?
Probably not.
A
single frame in mid-motion will not tell you direction. But if you also
had a picture of the same scene, taken just a split second before or
after, you could compare the two pictures. You could see the direction
of the movement, whether it was up or down.
The
same principle applies with online sales, and we can compare the flight
of a ball to the life cycle of your product. You need to look at demand
for the product over time and decide what it means.
Every
product has a life cycle. In the beginning, demand rises because of a
lack in supply. At some point, demand begins to level out and balance
with supply. Then, toward the end, demand falls and supply
rises.
Going Up?
To make
my point, I’m going to start this discussion with a quiz, based on the
search results for Lego Building Blocks below:
Figure 1: Thirty-Day Snapshot of Lego Building Blocks, Copyright 2009 HammerTap, LLC.
Question:
Using the information in the research results in Figure 1, can you
tell whether demand is increasing or decreasing? How about
supply?
Answer: I’m
guessing you already know the answer. But, I’m trying to make a point.
You can’t tell whether it’s increasing or decreasing because you are
looking at a “freeze frame” of the market. It’s going to take several
snapshots to look at a product’s performance over time.
What to Watch over Time
Determining
whether a product is on its way up, steady, or on its way down is just
about as simple as looking at several photos to decide the direction a
ball is traveling. You do basically the same thing by taking snapshots
of the product’s performance at different points in time and comparing
them.
In this case, we’re going to look at some
snapshots, week-by-week, for the thirty-day period shown in Figure 1.
Below are four snapshots for each week of the thirty days. Pay close
attention to the numbers in red boxes. They are:
- The total number of listings (supply)
- The LSR (sales rate, which is the demand in sales)
- The ASP (selling price)
- The total sales in dollars (demand in dollars)
IMPORTANT:
When you get your research “snapshots,” you’ll just use your research
tool to run your research week-over-week, and then save your
reports.
Week 1
Figure 2: Week 1 Snapshot for Lego Building Blocks
Week 2
Figure 3: Week 2 Snapshot for Lego Building Blocks
Week 3
Figure 4: Week 3 Snapshot for Lego Building Blocks
Week 4
Figure 5: Week 4 Snapshot for Lego Building Blocks
Remember, in the figures above, we’re looking for:
- The total number of listings (supply)
- The LSR (sales rate, which is the demand in sales)
- The ASP (selling price)
- The total sales in dollars (demand in dollars)
Comparing the Results
Comparing
the results over time provides us some subtle clues about how this
product has performed over time, and the direction it’s going in. Table
1, below, pulls it all together.
Week |
# Listings
(supply indicator)
|
LSR
(demand indicator)
|
ASP
(demand indicator)
|
Total $
(demand indicator)
|
1 |
18,502 |
74.78% |
$25.54 |
$415,124 |
2 |
19,262 |
72.65% |
$25.24 |
$425,091 |
3 |
20,402 |
73.10%
|
$26.10 |
$464,519 |
4 |
21,102 |
74.08% |
$23.64 |
$461,565 |
Table 1: Week-by-Week Demand Comparison
There’s a short and long explanation of how this product performed over time.
The
short explanation is that it is remarkably stable, with
an up-turn in the overall dollars consumers are spending for this
product on the market.
The long
explanation is that this product has not remained
static. We do not see a dramatic drop in conversion rate (LSR) or selling price
(ASP) over the four weeks. On the contrary, we see a climb in overall
sales (Total $).
The total number of
listings (supply) has increased by three thousand listings from week one
to week four, and we see an increase in
Total Sales—an $39,000 difference from week one to week four.
This
is encouraging. It doesn’t necessarily mean that we will see a sharp
increase in sales. But at the same time, we can definitely see that
this product is not on its way down. With this information, you could
predict that steady sales will continue.
Where is Your Product in Its Life Cycle?
Every
product goes through a cycle that begins with a little interest, then
attracts more buyers (demand) and not enough sellers (supply), and
gradually ends up with too many sellers (supply) and not enough buyers
(demand).
Figure 6: The Product Life Cycle
But
how do you decide where a product is in its life cycle? Again, we turn
to the data to find out. What we’re looking for is how supply and
demand change over time. Figure 6 in my previous post gives us a
quick-reference way to remember:
- Early Phase - Increasing buyers, few sellers
- Competition Phase - Buyers remain steady, but competition is increasing
- Decay Phase - Decreasing buyers with even more sellers
And
that's a perfect place to pause. Our next newsletter will
discuss each phase of the product life cycle in complete detail and
have research examples.
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